1.Carman R.J. and Maitland A., "A simulation of electron motion in the cathode sheath region of a glow discharge in helium", J.Phys.D: Applied Physics 20, 1021-1030, (1987).
2.Carman R.J., "A simulation of electron motion in the cathode sheath region of a glow discharge in argon", J.Phys.D., 22, 55-66, (1989).
3.Carman R.J. "A self-consistent model for a longitudinal discharge excited He-Sr recombination laser", (invited) IEEE J.Q.E QE-26, 1588-1608, (1990).
4.Carman R.J. "A time-dependent two electron group model for a discharge excited He-Sr recombination laser", J. Phys. D: Applied Physics, 24, 1803-1810, (1991).
5.Carman R.J., "Influence of the energy spectrum of electrons ejected from the cathode on electron behaviour in the cathode sheath region of a DC glow discharge in helium and in argon", J.Phys.D: Applied Physics, 25, 198-201 (1992).
6.Carman R.J., Brown D.J.W. and Piper J.A., "A self-consistent model for the discharge kinetics in a high-repetition rate copper vapour laser", IEEE J.Q.E. QE-30 no.8, 1876-1895, (1994).
7.Pask H.M., Carman R.J., Hanna D.C., Tropper A.C., Mackechnie C.J., Barber P.R. and Dawes J.M., "Ytterbium-Doped Silica Fibre Lasers: Versatile Sources for the 1-1.2m Region", (invited), IEEE J. Selected Topics in Quant. Electr., (Tunable Solid-State Lasers), 1, no 1, 213, (1995).
8.Mildren R.P., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A. "The effect of hydrogen additive on population densities in the afterglow of barium vapour lasers", Opt. Comm., 120, 112-120, (1995).
9.Carman R.J. "Modelling of the intracavity optical fields in a copper vapour laser", Opt. Comm., 119, 415-423, (1995).
10.Carman R.J. "Kinetics Modelling of a pulsed Cu-Ne discharge: Potential for new ultraviolet laser transitions in Cu II", Opt. Lett. 21, 872-874, (1996).
11.Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., "Investigation of the effects of bromine and hydrogen bromide additives on copper vapour laser performance, Opt. Comm., 135, 164-170, (1997).
12.Carman R.J. "Modelling of the Kinetics and Parametric behaviour of a copper vapour laser: Output power limitation issues", J.Appl.Phys., 82, 71-83, (1997).
13.Carman R.J., "Modelling of the parametric behaviour of a self-heated copper vapour laser: Issues governing the thermal runnaway behaviour of the plasma tube wall temperature”, (invited), J. de. Physique IV, 7, Colloque C4, pp167-174.
14.Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., “Kinetic Enhancement of elemental copper vapour lasers using H2-HCl-Ne buffer gas mixtures.”, Opt. Lett., 23, 706-708 (1998).
15.Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., “Kinetically Enhanced copper vapour lasers employing H2-HCl-Ne buffer gas mixtures.” Opt. Comm. 154, 160-166, (1998).
16.Mildren R.P., Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., “Afterglow ground-state copper density behaviour in kinetically-enhanced copper vapour lasers”, IEEE J. Quantum Electronics, 34, 2275-2278, (1998).
17.Carman R.J., Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W. and Piper J.A., “Influence of the pre-pulse electron density on the performance of elemental copper vapour lasers”, Opt.Comm., 157, 99-104, (1998).
18.Bogaerts A., Gijbels R. and Carman R.J., “Collisional-radiative model for the sputtered copper atoms and ions in a direct current argon glow discharge”, Spectrochim. Acta B, 53, no 12, 1679-1703, (1998).
19.R.J. Carman, R.P. Mildren, M.J. Withford, D.J.W. Brown and J.A. Piper, “Modelling the plasma kinetics in a kinetically enhanced copper vapour laser utilizing HCl + H2 admixtures, IEEE J. Quantum Electronics, QE-36, 438-449, (2000).
20.R.J. Carman and R.P. Mildren, “Electron energy distribution functions for modelling the plasma kinetics in dielectric barrier discharges”, J.Phys.D:Applied Physics, 33, L99-L103, (2000)
21.R.P. Mildren and R.J.Carman, “Enhanced performance of a dielectric barrier discharge lamp using short-pulsed excitation”, J.Phys.D:Applied Physics, 34, L1-L6, (2001).
22.R.P.Mildren, R.J.Carman, I.S. Falconer, “Visible and VUV images of dielectric barrier discharges in Xe”, J.Phys.D: Applied Physics, 34, 3378-3382, (2001).
23.R.P.Mildren, R.J.Carman, I.S. Falconer, “Visible & VUV emission from a Xenon Dielectric Barrier Discharge using pulsed and sinusoidal voltage excitation waveforms”, IEEE Trans. Plasma Science, Special Issue on images in Plasma Science, 30, 192-193, 2002.
24.R.J.Carman and R.P. Mildren, “Computer modelling of electrical breakdown in a pulsed dielectric barrier discharge in xenon”, IEEE Trans. Plasma Science, Special Issue on images in Plasma Science, 30, 154-155, (2002).
25.R.J.Carman and R.P. Mildren, “Computer modelling of a short-pulse excited dielectric barrier discharge Xenon excimer lamp (~172nm)”, J.Phys.D:Applied Physics, 36, 19-33, (2003).
26.R J Carman, R P Mildren, B K Ward and D M Kane, “High-pressure (>1 bar) dielectric barrier discharge lamps generating short pulses of high-peak power vacuum ultraviolet radiation”, J.Phys.D:Applied Physics, 37, pp2399-2407 (2004)
27.M.J. Withford, R.P. Mildren, D.J.W. Brown, R.J. Carman, G.D. Marshall & J.A. Piper, Advances in copper laser technology: kinetic enhancement, in “Advances in Lasers and Optics Research”, Review paper, Progress in Quantum Electronics, vol 28, pp165-196 (2004).
28.R.J. Carman, I.S. Falconer, and R.P. Mildren, “Dynamics of a Homogeneous Dielectric Barrier Discharge in Xenon Excited by Short Voltage Pulses”, IEEE Trans. Plasma Science, Fourth triennial Special Issue on images in Plasma Science, 33, 330-331, (2005).
29.R J Carman, D M Kane and B K Ward “Enhanced performance of an EUV light source (=84nm) using short-pulse excitation of a windowless dielectric barrier discharge in neon”, J. Phys.D: Applied Physics, 43, 025205 (11pp) (2010)
30.C. Corr, R. Boswell, R. Carman “Gas phase optical emission spectroscopy during remote plasma chemical vapour deposition of GaN and relation to the growth dynamics, J.Phys.D: Appl. Phys. 44 045201 (2011)
31.N. Sewraj, R. Carman, M. Nofel, F. Marchal, E. Leyssenne, “Spatio-temporal distribution of a mono-filamentary dielectric barrier discharge in pure nitrogen”, IEEE Transactions in plasma Science, 6th Triennial Special Issue of “Images in Plasma Science” 39(11) 2128-2129, (2011).
32.Robert J. Carman, Ian S. Falconer, Richard P. Mildren “Dynamics of the electrical breakdown phase of a pulsed dielectric barrier discharge in Neon” IEEE Transactions in Plasma Science, 6th Triennial Special Issue of “Images in Plasma Science”, 39(11) 2162-2163, (2011).
33.Robert J. Carman, Richard P. Mildren, Ian S. Falconer, Neermalsing V. Sewraj and Estelle Leyssenne “Streak Images of the breakdown phase of a pulsed dielectric barrier discharge in Nitrogen” IEEE Transactions in Plasma Science, 6th Triennial Special Issue of “Images in Plasma Science”, 39(11) 2132-2133, (2011).
34.Robert J. Carman, Douglas J. Little, and Deborah M. Kane “Optical emission spectroscopy system operating in the vacuum-ultraviolet spectral range <100nm – a semi-empirical determination of sensitivity, Measurement Science and Technology 26, (2015) 085203 (5pp).
35.R J Carman, R Ganesan and D M Kane, “Time-resolved vacuum-ultraviolet emission (=60-120nm) from a high pressure DBD-excited helium plasma: formation mechanisms of the fast component”, J.Phys.D: Appl.Phys, 49, (2016) 085201 (18pp).
36.Carman R.J., "A time-dependent two-electron-group model for a pulsed helium/metal-vapour glow discharge", Proc. Second Australia/Japan workshop on gaseous electronics and its applications, Gotemba, Japan, p81, Nov. (1990).
37.Carman R.J., "Computer modelling of copper vapour lasers", Proc. IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (LEOS) conference, San Jose, USA, Technical digest, SWGL4.1, November 15-18, (1993).
38.Carman R.J., "Computer modelling of copper vapour laser kinetics", Proc. Eighth Gaseous Electronics meeting, Australian National University, Canberra, February 7-10, (1994).
39.Carman R.J., "Computer Modelling of the discharge kinetics and optical characeristics of copper vapour laser", Proc. Third Japan-Australia Workshop on Gaseous Electronics and its applications, Yeppoon, Australia, July 24-29, p41, (1994).
40.Carman R.J., “Modelling of metal-vapour lasers”, NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Pulsed Metal-Vapour Lasers - Physics and emerging applications in Industry, Medicine and Science, St Andrews University, Scotland, 7-10, August, (1995).
41.Carman R.J., “Modelling of the discharge kinetics in pulsed metal vapour lasers: Parametric behaviour of self-heated copper vapour lasers”, XXIIIrd International Conference on Phenomena in Ionised Gases (ICPIG), Toulouse, France, July (1997).
42.Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J., Mildren R.P. and Piper J.A., “Development of hundred-watt, high-repetition rate, small-scale copper vapour lasers”, Proc. Australian Conference on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), Christchurch, New Zealand, 14-17 Dec. (1998). p271
43.Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J., Mildren R.P. and Piper J.A., “Kinetic enhancement of copper vapour lasers for high-power, high beam-quality output”, Proc. European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (ECLEO), Glasgow, Technical digest, CThM1, p342, (1998).
44.MJ Withford, DJW Brown, RJ Carman, Mildren RP and Piper JA, “Engineering the kinetics of copper vapour lasers” 51st Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, Maui, Hawaii, paper NW2 1, vol. 43, p1480, 1998
45.Brown D.J.W, Withford M.J., Mildren R.P., Carman R.J., Illy E.K., Fishburn J.M. and Piper J.A., "Recent advances in copper vapour laser technology and applications" Australian Optical Society Conference AOS ‘99, Sydney, 6-9 July 1999, Book of Abstracts, Eds. CT Chantler and PM Farrell, (ISBN 0-7340-1737-5), keynote address, LA68, (1999)
46.R.J.Carman, R.P.Mildren, B.K.Ward¬, R.Morrow, I.S.Falconer, and D.M.Kane, “New Incoherent light sources in the Vacuum-Ultraviolet (VUV) based on pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharges”, Twelfth Gaseous Electronics Meeting & Second International Workshop on Plasma Processing, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 3-6, (2002)
47.D.M.Kane, D.Hirschausen, B.K. Ward, R.J. Carman and R.P.Mildren, “Pulsed VUV sources and their Application to Surface Cleaning of Optical Materials”, Proc. ILATA-2003 Symposium, St Petersburg, July 2003 Laser-Assisted Micro- and Nanotechnologies (LAMN X), Proc of SPIE, vol 5399, pp100-106, (SPIE Bellingham WA 2004).
48.R.J. Carman, B.K. Ward, R.P. Mildren and D.M. Kane “An Experimental and Modeling Study of Efficiency for a 253nm Xenon Iodide Lamp Excited by Dielectric Barrier Discharge” (Plenary paper IL09), in “Light Sources 2007”, Proceedings of the 11th Symposium on the Science and Technology of Light Sources, May 20th-24th, 2007, Shanghai, China, pp271-280. ed. M.Q. Liu and R. Devonshire, pub FAST-LS Ltd, Sheffield, UK, ISBN-978-0-9555445-0-7.
49.R.J. Carman, B.K. Ward and D.M. Kane, “Vacuum ultraviolet radiation source based on the 2nd continuum excimer emission bands of Ne2* (=84nm) and Ar2* (=126nm) molecules generated by a “windowless” dielectric barrier discharge” (Invited), 9th Asia-Pacific Conference on Plasma Science and Technology (APCPST) and 21st Symposium on Plasma Science for Materials (SPSM) Oct 8-11, 2008 Huangshan, China. Program and Book of Abstracts, p37, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
50.R.J. Carman, D.M. Kane, "Development of high-power vacuum-ultraviolet light sources for materials processing applications", (invited) APLSW 2011, in Proceedings of The Fourth Asia-Pacific Light Sources Workshop 2011, National Central University, Taiwan, Masafumi Jinno and Ching-Cherng Sun (general chairs), p22-23, April 13-14, 2011
51.R.J Carman, “New insights into the generation of molecular band emission in the vacuum ultraviolet from high pressure helium plasmas” Japan-Australia commemorative workshop (JAWS 25), Toshiaki Makabe (co-chair) Robert Robson (co-chair), University House, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, 23-25 June, 2013.
52.Robert J. Carman, Noah Goldberg, Stuart C. Hansen and Nigel Gore “Performance enhancement of a dielectric barrier discharge vacuum-ultraviolet photon source using short-pulsed electrical excitation” 43rd IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, June 19-23, 2016, Banff, Alberta, Canada.
53.Carman R.J., Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W. and Piper J.A., “Performance enhancement of elemental copper vapour lasers by bromine and hydrogenated bromine additives”, SPIE Proceedings, vol 3092, 68-71, SPIE Bellingham WA, USA, (1997).
54.D.J.W. Brown, M.J. Withford, R.J. Carman, R.P. Mildren, and J.A. Piper, “High-average-power, high-beam-quality vis-UV sources based on kinetically enhanced copper vapour lasers”, SPIE Proceedings, MS 3889-29, p261-72, SPIE Bellingham WA, USA (2000).
55.Mildren R P, Morrow R and Carman R J “Enhanced efficiency from a Xe excimer barrier discharge lamp employing short-pulsed excitation”, (invited) SPIE Proceedings, 4071, 283-290, SPIE Bellingham WA, USA (2000).
56.R.P. Mildren, R.J. Carman and J.A. Piper, “Temporally Resolved Measurements of H Atom Density in a Cu HyBrID Laser” SPIE Proceedings, vol 4184, p191-4, SPIE Bellingham WA, USA (2001).
57.R.J. Carman, R.P. Mildren, J.A. Piper, G.D. Marshall and D.W. Coutts, “Plasma kinetics issues for repetition rate scaling of kinetically enhanced copper vapour lasers”, in Proc. SPIE, vol.4184, p215-8, (2001)
58.R. J. Carman, R. Ganesan and D.M. Kane, Time-resolved vacuum-ultraviolet emission (=60-120nm) from a medium pressure DBD excited helium plasma: new insights concerning the origin of the “fast component”, Proceedings of the XXXI International Conference on Phenomena in Ionised Gases (ICPIG), July 14-19, 2013, Granada, Spain, paper PS4-004, (4-pages).
59.R.J.Carman and D.M.Kane “A time-resolved spectroscopic study of UV/visible emissions from the He*/He2*(n=3) manifold states: formation channels for fast He2* production” Proc. XXIX International Conference on Photonic, Electronic, and Atomic Collisions (ICPEAC2015) 22-28 July 2015, Toledo, Spain, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 635 (2015) 032079.
60.Carman R.J. and Maitland A., "Electron Beams from Glow Discharge Electron Guns in Helium", Proc. of XVII International Conf. on Phenomena in Ionised Gases, Budapest, J-5, 652-4, (1985).
61.Carman R.J. and Maitland A., "DC electron beam excitation of rare gases with relevance to argon ion and helium/metal vapour lasers”, Proc. Australian Conf. on Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), Surfers Paradise, A44, (1987).
62.Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., "A self-consistent model for longitudinal discharge excited He-Sr recombination lasers", Proc. 41st Gaseous Electronics Conference, Minneapolis, GA-5, (1988).
63.Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., "Self-consistent computer models for discharge excited He-Sr recombination lasers”, Proc. Australian Conf. on Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), Adelaide, 108, (1989).
64.Tarte B.J., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., "Gain saturation and competition at 4305A in a He-Sr recombination Laser", Proc. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), Anaheim, USA, Technical Digest, CTHK6, p438, (1990).
65.Carman R.J., "A self-consistent model for a longitudinal discharge excited He-Sr recombination laser", Proc. Gaseous Electronics Meeting (GEM), University of New England, Armidale, p21, Feb. (1990).
66.Carman R.J., "A time-dependent two-electron-group model for a pulsed helium/metal-vapour glow discharge", Proc. 43rd Gaseous Electronics Conf. Urbana-Champaign, USA, Oct. (1990).
67.Carman R.J., "Influence of the energy spectrum of electrons ejected from the cathode on electron behaviour in the cathode sheath of glow discharges in helium and argon", Proc. 43rd Gaseous Electronics Conf. Urbana-Champaign, USA, Oct. (1990).
68.Carman R.J., Brown D.J.W., Pask H.M., Mildren R.P. and Piper J.A., "A self-consistent computer model for the discharge kinetics in a pulsed mid-infrared barium vapour laser", Proc. XX International. Conf. on Phenomena in Ionised Gases, Barga, Italy, contributed papers 6, 1249-50, July (1991)
69.Mildren R.P., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., “Investigation of the kinetics of a pulsed Barium Vapour Laser using the Hook method", Proc. Australian Conf. on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), Canberra, OO-8, (1991).
70.Carman R.J., Brown D.J.W., Mildren R.P. and Piper J.A.,"A self-consistent computer model for the discharge kinetics in a pulsed mid-infrared barium vapour laser", Proc. Australian Conf. on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), Canberra, PW-22, p237, (1991).
71.Mildren R.P., Brown D.J., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., "Investigation of the kinetics of a pulsed barium vapour laser using the hook method", Proc. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), Anaheim, USA, Technical Digest, CTHR1, p544, (1992).
72.Hentschel R., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., High average power rectangular bore Sr+ recombination laser", Proc. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), Anaheim, USA, Technical Digest, CTHR2, p544, (1992).
73.Mackechnie C.J., Barber P.R., Carman R.J., Pask H.M. and Hanna D.C., "Ytterbium Fibre lasers: Versatile sources for the 1-1.2m region", Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), Baltimore, USA. Technical digest, CFJ5, pp624-5, (1993).
74.Pask H.M., Archamboult J.L., Carman R.J., Hanna D.C., Mackechnie C.J., Reekie L., Townsend J.E. and Tropper A.C., "Operation of Ytterbium-doped silica fibre lasers at specific wavelengths using fibre gratings", The 11th UK National Quantum Electronics Conference, Belfast, (1993).
75.Hentschel R.M., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., "A rectangular bore discharge excited Sr+ recombination laser", Proc. Australian Conf. on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy, University of Melbourne, 6-10 December, Technical digest, p102, (1993).
76.Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., "Computer modelling of Copper vapour lasers", Proc. Australian Conf. on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), University of Melbourne, 6-10 December, Technical digest, p238, (1993).
77.Mildren R.P., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., "Spatio-temporal behaviour of Ba ground-state density in a barium vapour laser" Proc. Australian Conf. on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), University of Melbourne, 6-10 December, Technical digest, p240, (1993).
78.Mildren R.P., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J., and Piper J.A., "Spatial behaviour of population density measurements and wall phenomena in a barium vapour laser", Proc. European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (ECLEO), Amsterdam, Technical digest, CTuK98, p148, (1994).
79.Mildren R.P., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J., and Piper J.A., "Spatio-temporal population density measurements in a barium vapour laser operated in burst mode", Proc. Proc. European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (ECLEO), Amsterdam, Technical digest, CThQ1, p376, (1994).
80.Richard P. Mildren, Daniel J. W. Brown, Robert J. Carman, and James A. Piper Population-density measurements and the 2.55-µm laser line of a barium-vapor laser
Proc Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), Baltimore, Maryland USA May 21-26, (1995) Poster Session CWF23, ISBN: 1-55752-400-9.
81.Carman R.J., "Modelling of the Intracavity optical fields in a copper vapour laser", Proc XX International conference on Quantum Electronics (IQEC), Sydney, WL82, July (1996).
82.Carman R.J. Kinetics modelling of a pulsed Cu-Ne plasma: Potential for new UV laser transitions in Cu II", Proc XX International conference on Quantum Electronics (IQEC), Sydney, WL100, July (1996).
83.Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., “Kinetic enhancement in copper vapour lasers using halogen donor gas additives”, Proc XX International conference on Quantum Electronics (IQEC), Sydney, ThQ8, July (1996).
84.Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., “Boosted laser output by Kinetics enhancement in copper vapour lasers” Proc. European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (ECLEO), Hamburg, Technical digest, CTuD4, p66, (1996).
85.Carman R.J. and Withford M.J. "Kinetics modelling of hydrogen admixtures in pulsed copper-vapour laser discharges", in 9th Gaseous Electronics Meeting (GEM), Jan 29-31, Flinders University, Adelaide, (1996).
86.Carman R.J. and Coutts D.W., "Spatio-temporal evolution of the intracavity optical fields in a copper vapour laser", Proc. XI International Symposium on Gas Flow and Chemical lasers and High Power Laser Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, Technical digest, P1-29, (1996).
87.Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., “Performance enhancement of elemental copper vapour lasers by bromine and hydrogenated bromine additives”, XI International Symposium on Gas Flow and Chemical lasers and High Power Laser Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, Programme and Technical digest, pp20-21, (1997).
88.K. Satoh, R. Morrow and R.J. Carman, "Modelling of the plasma kinetics in the electrode sheath regions of a pulsed copper vapour laser", contributed papers, XXIIIrd International Conference on Phenomena in Ionised Gases (ICPIG), Toulouse, France, July, (1997).
89.Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A. “Performance enhancement of elemental copper vapour lasers using halogen donor buffer gas admixtures”, 10th Gaseous Electronics Meeting, CSIRO National Measurements Laboratory, Sydney, 28-30 January (1998).
90.Carman R.J., Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W. and Piper J.A., “Computer modelling of the plasma kinetics and spatio-temporal evolution of the intracavity laser field intensity in a kinetically enhanced copper vapour laser”, Proc. European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (ECLEO), Glasgow, Technical digest, CThM4, p343, (1998).
91.Carman R.J., Hogan G.P. and Webb C.E., “Plasma kinetics issues during the excitation phase in an elemental copper vapour laser: influence of the ‘phantom current’ on the formation of laser output”, Proc. European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (ECLEO), Glasgow, Technical digest, CThH12, p276, (1998).
92.Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., “Optimisation of H-HCl-Ne buffer gas mixtures in kinetically enhanced copper vapour lasers”, Proc. European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (ECLEO), Glasgow, Technical digest, CThM2, p342, (1998).
93.Mildren R.P., Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W., Carman R.J. and Piper J.A., “Afterglow ground-state copper density behaviour in kinetically enhanced copper vapour lasers”, Proc. European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (ECLEO), Glasgow, Technical digest, CThM3, p343, (1998).
94.Carman R.J., Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W. and Piper J.A., “Modelling the kinetics of a copper vapour laser H2-HCl-Ne buffer gas mixtures” Proc. 51st Gaseous Electronics conference, Oct 19-22, 1998, paper NW2-2, Maui, Hawaii, USA (Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc., 43, no 5, p1480, Oct. 1998)
95.Carman R.J., Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W. Mildren R.P. and Piper J.A., “Performance enhancement and plasma kinetics studies in a copper vapour laser with HCl additives”, Proc. Australian Conference on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), Christchurch, New Zealand, 14-17 Dec., p51, (1998).
96.Bogaerts A., Gijbels R, Carman R.J. and Vlcek J., Argon and copper optical emission spectra in a Grimm glow discharge source: Collisional-radiative model and comparison with experiment”, Proc. Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Pau, France, January 10-15 (1999).
97.R.P. Mildren, R. Morrow and R.J. Carman, “A comparison of excitation methods for Xe excimer barrier discharge lamps”, I-Vth International conference “Atomic and molecular pulsed lasers”, Tomsk, Russia, Sept. 13-17, p41, (1999).
98.R.P. Mildren, R. Morrow and R.J. Carman, “A comparison of AC and short-pulse excitation for Xe barrier discharge lamps”, Proc. 52nd Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, Oct. 5-8, 1999, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc., vol 44, no.4, p18 (1999).
99.D.J.W. Brown, M.J. Withford, R.J. Carman, R.P. Mildren, and J.A. Piper, “High-average-power, high-beam-quality vis-UV sources based on kinetically enhanced copper vapour lasers”, Proc. Int. Forum on Advanced High-power lasers and Applications, (AHPLA ‘99), Osaka, Japan, Nov 1-5, (1999)
100.R.J. Carman and R.P. Mildren, “A two-electron group model for the electron energy distribution function in a dielectric barrier discharge”, Proc. Eleventh Gaseous Electronics Meeting (GEM XI), University of New England, Armidale, Australia, Jan 31-Feb 2, p17, (2000).
101.R.P. Mildren and R.J. Carman, “Short pulse excitation of barrier discharge lamps”, Proc. Eleventh Gaseous Electronics Meeting (GEM XI), University of New England, Armidale, Australia, Jan 31-Feb 2, p33, (2000).
102.R.J. Carman, R.P. Mildren and J.A. Piper, “Plasma kinetic issues for repetition-rate scaling of kinetically-enhanced copper vapour lasers”, XIII Int. Sympos. Gas Flow & Chemical lasers and High Power Laser Conference (GCL/HPL 2000), Florence, Italy, 18-22 Sept (2000).
103.R.P. Mildren, R.J. Carman and J.A. Piper, “Temporally Resolved Measurements of H Atom Density in a Cu HyBrID Laser” XIII Int. Sympos. Gas Flow & Chemical Lasers and High Power Laser Conference (GCL/HPL 2000), Florence, Italy, 18-22 Sept (2000).
104.R.P. Mildren, I.S. Falconer and R.J. Carman, "Filaments and feelers: visible and VUV images of Xe dielectric barrier discharges", Plasma 2000, Australian Institute of Physics Congress, Adelaide, Dec. (2000).
105.Mildren RP, Brown DJW, Carman RJ and Piper JA, "Temporally resolved H atom density measurements in a Cu HyBrID laser", Australian Optical Society, Australian Institute of Physics Congress, Adelaide, Dec. (2000).
106.R.J.Carman, B.K. Ward and R.P.Mildren, “Short-pulse excitation techniques for performance enhancement in UV/VUV dielectric barrier discharge lamps”, XXV ICPIG, International Conference on Phenomena in Ionised Gases, July 17-22, 2001, Nagoya, Japan.
107.R.J.Carman, R.P.Mildren, J.A.Piper, G.D.Marshall and D.W.Coutts, “Plasma relaxation mechanisms in kinetically enhanced copper vapour lasers for very high repetition-rate operation (50-100kHz)”, XXV ICPIG, International Conference on Phenomena in Ionised Gases, July 17-22, 2001, Nagoya, Japan.
108.R.J.Carman, R.P.Mildren, R.Morrow and B.K.Ward “A highly efficient Xe2* excimer flash-lamp source in the vacuum-ultraviolet l~172nm: Computer modelling of the plasma kinetics in the dielectric barrier discharge”, Australian Conference on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), Brisbane, 3-6 December, (2001)
109.B.K.Ward¬, R.P.Mildren, R.J.Carman, I.S.Falconer, R.Morrow, and D.M.Kane, “Novel Excimer-Based Flash-Lamp Sources in the Vacuum-Ultraviolet”, Australian Conference on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), Brisbane, 3-6 December, (2001).
110.R.P. Mildren, G.D.Marshall, R.J.Carman, D.W.Coutts, M.J.Withford and J.A.Piper, “Copper Vapour Lasers: Have they Reached their limits?” Australian Conference on Optics, Lasers and Spectroscopy (ACOLS), Brisbane, 3-6 December, (2001).
111.R. Morrow and R.J. Carman, “A Two-Dimensional Model of a Xenon Excimer Dielectric Barrier Discharge”, Twelfth Gaseous Electronics Meeting & Second International Workshop on Plasma Processing, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 3-6, (2002).
112.R.P. Mildren, B.K.Ward and R.J.Carman, “Power scaling of VUV Excimer DBD lamps”, Twelfth Gaseous Electronics Meeting & Second International Workshop on Plasma Processing, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 3-6, 2002.
113.R.P. Mildren, B.K. Ward, R.J. Carman¬, “High peak power VUV flashlamps based on short-pulse excited Xe dielectric barrier discharges”, Proc. XIV International Conference on Gas Discharges and their Applications, Liverpool, England, 1-6 September, 2002, pp140-143. (University of Liverpool, ISBN 0-9539105-1-2)
114.R. Morrow and R.J. Carman, “A Two-Dimensional Model of a Xenon Excimer Dielectric Barrier Discharge”, Proc. XIV International Conference on Gas Discharges and their applications, Liverpool, England, 1-6 September, 2002, pp199-202. (University of Liverpool, ISBN 0-9539105-1-2)
115.R.J.Carman, R.P. Mildren, R.Morrow and B K Ward, “Recent advances in Light Sources in the Vacuum-Ultraviolet based on electric discharge plasmas”, 11th International Congress on Plasma Physics ICPP, Sydney, Australia, 15-19 July, 2002.
116.R.P. Mildren, B K Ward¬ and R.J.Carman, “Efficient Vacuum Ultraviolet Lamps with Increased Irradiance”, Australian Optical Society, Sydney, July 2002, p178, paper M-048-AOS, (Australian Institute of Physics).
117.R J Carman, R.P. Mildren, J A Piper, G D Marshall and D W Coutts, “Plasma relaxation processes in a small-scale kinetically enhanced copper vapour laser operating at elevated pulse repetition rates (50-70kHz)” XIV International Symposium On Gas Flow & Chemical Lasers and High Power Laser Conference, Wroclaw, Poland, 26-30 August (2002)
118.DM Kane, D Hirschausen, BK Ward, RJ Carman and RP Mildren, "Surface Cleaning of Optical Materials Using Novel VUV Sources", 2nd International Conf. on Material for Advanced Technologies - Singapore, Dec 2003
119.R.J. Carman, B.J. Ward, R.P. Mildren, D.M. Kane, High-pressure dielectric barrier discharge Xenon lamps generating short pulses of high-peak-power VUV radiation (172nm) with high pulse-to-pulse reproducibility. Bulletin of the American Physics Society, vol. 48, No. 6, p28, Oct. 2003, (ISSN 0003-0503) Programme of the 56th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference 2003, October 21-24, San Francisco, CA (poster paper GTP.038)
120.R.J. Carman, B.J. Ward, R.P. Mildren, D.M. Kane, A Xenon dielectric barrier discharge lamp (172nm) with a fast-pulse voltage driver: Influence of the voltage waveform on plasma kinetic issues and light output, Bulletin of the American Physics Society, vol. 48, No. 6, p44, Oct. 2003, (ISSN 0003-0503) Programme of the 56th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference 2003, October 21-24, San Francisco, CA, (oral paper MW1.007)
121.R J Carman, B K Ward and R P Mildren “Reaction pathways in Xe*(1s4,5) excited-state to Xe2*(1,3) dimer heavy-body conversion reactions in high pressure Xenon plasmas generated in dielectric barrier discharges”, The Thirteenth Gaseous Electronics Meeting incorporating the Italian-Australian Specialist Workshop on Plasma Treated Materials, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 1-5, 2004, p44, published by Macquarie University, ISBN 1864088818
122.R J Carman, D Hirschausen, B K Ward, R P Mildren and D M Kane “Optimisation of the pulse characteristics from Xenon dielectric barrier discharge vacuum-ultraviolet (=172nm) flash-lamps for surface cleaning of optical materials”, The Thirteenth Gaseous Electronics Meeting incorporating the Italian-Australian Specialist Workshop on Plasma Treated Materials, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 1-5, 2004, p11, published by Macquarie University, ISBN 1864088818
123.I S Falconer, R P Mildren and R J Carman “Dynamics of a homogeneous Dielectric Barrier Discharge in Xenon by short voltage pulses”, The Thirteenth Gaseous Electronics Meeting incorporating the Italian-Australian Specialist Workshop on Plasma Treated Materials, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 1-5, 2004, p31, published by Macquarie University, ISBN 1864088818
124.R J Carman, B K Ward, R P Mildren and D M Kane “Dielectric barrier discharge lamps as ultraviolet light sources for the disinfection of drinking water and re-cycled waste water”, The Thirteenth Gaseous Electronics Meeting incorporating the Italian-Australian Specialist Workshop on Plasma Treated Materials, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 1-5, 2004, p35, published by Macquarie University, ISBN 1864088818
125.R J Carman, B K Ward, R P Mildren and D M Kane, “Double discharges in bi-polar pulsed dielectric barrier discharge lamps in Xenon and their influence on the VUV (=172nm) production efficiency, Proc. of the Tenth International Symposium on the Science and Technology of Light Sources, Toulouse, France, 18-22 July 2004, IOP Conference Series, number 182, ed G. Zissis, P-233, pp651-2, Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol, UK, ISBN 0 7503 10073
126.B K Ward, R J Carman, R P Mildren and D M Kane, “Recent Advances in incoherent light sources in the vacuum-ultraviolet (88-200nm) based on electric discharge plasmas”, Proc. of the 14th International Conference on Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics, (VUV XIV), Cairns, Australia, July 19-23 2004, paper Th-Po-144 p270, ed: B.R. Lewis, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT
127.R P Mildren, M J Withford, R J Carman, G D Marshall, D W Coutts and J A Piper, Second Generation KE-CVLs: Recent Advances, GCL-HPL, Prague, (2004).
128.R J Carman, R.P. Mildren, I S Falconer, “Dynamics of a homogeneous Dielectric Barrier Discharge in Xenon Excited by Short Voltage Pulses”, Proc. 58th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, San Jose, USA, October 16-20, 2005, Bull. American Phys. Soc. Vol 50, no 7, p15 (DM1-2), Oct 2005.
129.I S Falconer, R J Carman, R P Mildren, “Streak images and dynamics of homogeneous dielectric barrier discharges excited by short voltage pulse”, The Fourteenth Gaseous Electronics Meeting, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 5-9, 2006
130.B K Ward, R P Mildren, D M Kane and R J Carman “XeBr dielectric barrier discharge lamps (=282nm) for the disinfection of drinking water and re-cycled waste-water: Influence of the excitation voltage waveform on lamp performance”, The Fourteenth Gaseous Electronics Meeting, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 5-9, 2006
131.M. J. Hole, B. D. Blackwell, I. Bray, R. J. Carman, G. Collins, R. L. Dewar, J. Howard, B. James J. O’Connor, D.Nolan, “Exploiting Australian fusion science collaboration opportunities” 6th Conference of Asia Plasma & Fusion Association (APFA-2007), 3-5 Dec. 2007, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
132.C. Martin, K.S.A. Butcher, M. Wintrebert-Fouquet, A. Fernandes, T. Dabbs, P.P-T Chen, R. Carmen, “Modeling and Experimental Validation of RPCVD based Nitride film growth”, in Gallium Nitride Materials and Devices III, ed. H.Morkoc et-al, Proceedings of SPIE vol. 6894 (SPIE Bellingham, WA, 2008) article 6894-07 (5 pages), ISBN 9780819470690.
133.R.J. Carman, B.K. Ward and D.M. Kane, “Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation source based on the 2nd emission continuum of the Ne2* excimer (~84nm) generated by a “windowless” dielectric barrier discharge”, Proc. 15th Gaseous Electronics Meeting, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 3-6, 2008, Program and abstracts book, ed S.Buckman and M. Brunger, Australian National University, Canberra.
134.R.J. Carman, B.K. Ward and D.M. Kane “Measurements of the VUV efficiency in a Xenon dielectric barrier discharge lamp by the method of Oxygen actinometry” 15th Gaseous Electronics Meeting, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Feb 3-6, 2008, Program and abstracts book, ed S.Buckman and M. Brunger, Australian National University, Canberra.
135.Robert J. Carman, Deborah M. Kane and Barry K. Ward, “Vacuum ultraviolet radiation source based on the 2nd emission continuum of the neon excimer (~84nm) generated by a “windowless” dielectric barrier discharge”, Proc. 35th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS), June 15 - 19, 2008 Congress Center, Karlsruhe, Germany, IEEE conference programme ICOPS 2008, paper 7C6, p106.
136.Robert J. Carman, Deborah M. Kane and Barry K. Ward, “Measurements of the electrical to VUV conversion efficiency in a Xenon dielectric barrier discharge lamp by Oxygen actinometry”, Proc. 35th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, June 15 - 19, 2008 Congress Center, Karlsruhe, Germany IEEE conference programme ICOPS 2008, paper 2P79, p73.
137.R. J. Carman, B.K. Ward and D.M. Kane “Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation source based on the 2nd continuum excimer emission bands of Ne2* (=84nm) and Ar2* (=126nm) molecules excited by a dielectric barrier discharge” Australian Institute of Physics (AIP) 18th National Congress incorporating the 27th AINSE Plasma Science Conference 30 Nov - 5 Dec 2008, Adelaide, South Australia, Program and abstract book, p193, paper 849.
138.R J Carman, B K Ward and D M Kane “Performance optimisation of a neon DBD excimer light source operating in the extreme-ultraviolet (84nm)” (Postdeadline KTP.00114) Proc. 62nd Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, October 20–23, 2009; Saratoga Springs, New York, USA, (Bulletin of the American Physical Society, series II, vol.54, no 12, October 2009, Corrigenda, page 2, pub. American Physics Society, ISSN 0003-0503) (online at : http://meetings.aps.org/Meeting/GEC09/Event/114131).
139.R J Carman, B K Ward and D M Kane “Development of incoherent EUV/VUV light sources: tailoring the output pulse characteristics for materials processing applications” International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICONN), 22-26 February 2010 Sydney Convention & Exhibition Centre, Australia, IEEE Xplore, Digital Object Identifier : 10.1109/ICONN.2010.6045263, pp362-364, print ISBN 978-1-4244-5261-3.
140.Scott Allan, Rob Carman, Cormac Corr, Rod Boswell, Conor Martin, Marie Wintrebert-Fouquet and Satya Barik, ”Development of remote plasma sources for gallium nitride film growth with real-time monitoring of activated nitrogen species” Proc. 16th Gaseous Electronics Meeting, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Jan 31-Feb 3, 2010, Book of Abstracts and Program, ed. A. Murphy and K.Ostrikov, p37. (online at http://www.acpo.csiro.au/GEMxvi/).
141.Rob Carman, Deborah Kane, Barry Ward “Tailoring the output pulse characteristics of a DBD based incoherent light source emitting in the in the extreme ultraviolet for materials processing applications, Proc. 16th Gaseous Electronics Meeting, Murruramarang Resort, Batemans Bay, NSW, Australia, Jan 31-Feb 3, 2010, Book of Abstracts and Program, ed. A. Murphy and K.Ostrikov, p92. (online at http://www.acpo.csiro.au/GEMxvi/).
142.R.J. Carman and D.M. Kane “Enhanced performance of a vacuum-ultraviolet light source based on Kr2* (=146nm) and Ar2* (=126nm) excimers using short-pulse excitation of a windowless dielectric barrier discharge”, Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on the Science and Technology of Light Sources and the 3rd international conference on White LEDs and Solid State Lighting, July 11-16, 2010, Eindhoven, Netherlands, pp463-464 ed. M.Haverlag, G.M.W. Kroesen and T. Taguchi, pub FAST-LS Ltd, Sheffield, UK, ISBN-978-0-9555445-2-1. (E1)
143.R. Carman, S. Allan, P. Ha, C. Martin, S. Barik, C. Corr and R. Boswell, “Spectroscopic studies of long lived excited species in flowing nitrogen afterglows at intermediate pressures” (paper DTP 8) Proc. 63rd Gaseous Electronics Conference & 7th International Conference on Reactive plasmas, October 4–8, 2010; Paris, France, (Bulletin of the American Physical Society, series II, vol.55, no 7, October 2010, page 58, pub. American Physical Society, ISSN 0003-0503)
144.C. Corr, R. Carman, R. Boswell, C. Martin, M. Wintrebert-Fouquet and S. Barik, “Gas phase optical emission spectroscopy during remote plasma chemical vapour deposition of GaN and relation to growth dynamics” (paper DTP 102) Proc. 63rd Gaseous Electronics Conference & 7th International Conference on Reactive plasmas, October 4–8, 2010; Paris, France, (Bulletin of the American Physical Society, series II, vol.55, no 7, October 2010, page 75, pub. American Physical Society, ISSN 0003-0503).
145.C. Corr, R. Carman, R. Boswell, C. Martin, S. Barik and M. Wintrebert, “Gas phase optical emission spectroscopy during remote plasma chemical vapour deposition of GaN and relation to growth dynamics” (paper DTP 102, 2-pages) 63rd Gaseous Electronics Conference & 7th International Conference on Reactive plasmas, October 4–8, 2010; Paris, France. Conference Proceedings, ed. M. Hori and W.G. Graham, pub. Japan Society of Applied Physics 2010, ISBN 978-4-86348-101-5). (E1)
146.R. Carman and D Kane, “Spectroscopic studies of the 1st and 2nd continuum bands (=74-90nm) from decaying Ne2* excimers generated in high pressure dielectric barrier discharge plasmas” (paper KWP 103) Proc. 63rd Gaseous Electronics Conference & 7th International Conference on Reactive plasmas, October 4–8, 2010; Paris, France, (Bulletin of the American Physical Society, series II, vol.55, no 7, October 2010, page 126, pub. American Physical Society, ISSN 0003-0503).
147.R. J Carman, Collisional and radiative decay pathways of the low-lying O¬u+(3P1) and 1u(3P¬2) Ne2*excimer states Proc. XXX International Conference on Phenomena in Ionised Gases (ICPIG), paper B6-131, Aug 28- Sept 2, (2011). Online at (http://www.qub.ac.uk/sites/icpig2011/abstractlist/)
148.P.C.T Ha and R.J. Carman, “Decay characteristics of the Nitrogen flowing afterglow from a ~1kW microwave excited plasma source”, Proc. XXX International Conference on Phenomena in Ionised Gases (ICPIG), paper B6-115, Aug 28- Sept 2, (2011). Online at (http://www.qub.ac.uk/sites/icpig2011/abstractlist/)
149.Rajesh Ganesan, Deborah Kane and Robert Carman, “Time and wavelength resolved measurements of the VUV excimer emission generated in a windowless dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in argon” paper TF3.00003, Proc. 64th Gaseous Electronics Conference (GEC), Salt lake City, USA, 14-18 Nov 2011, Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Series II, 56, no15, p96. ISSN 0003-0503, pub APS 2011.
150.Robert Carman, Peter Ha, Rod Boswell, Cormac Corr “Optical emission spectroscopy study of a medium pressure Nitrogen flowing afterglow from a ~1kW microwave excited plasma source” paper FTP1.00016, Proc. 64th Gaseous Electronics Conference (GEC), Salt lake City, USA, 14-18 Nov 2011. Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Series II, 56, no15, p31, ISSN 0003-0503, pub. APS 2011.
151.Robert Carman, Barry Ward, Deborah Kane, “Post-breakdown secondary discharges at the electrode/dielectric interface of a cylindrical barrier discharge”, post-deadline paper JW3.00010, Proc. 64th Gaseous Electronics Conference (GEC), Salt lake City, USA, 14-18 Nov 2011. Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Series II, 56, no15, pp52-53. ISSN 0003-0503, pub APS 2011
152.R.J. Carman and R. Ganesan, “Time and wavelength resolved measurements of the VUV excimer emission generated in a windowless dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in helium” 21st International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry IPC21, 4-9 August (2013), Cairns, Australia.
153.R.J. Carman, R. Ganesan and D.M. Kane, “Recent advances in vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) light sources based on dielectric barrier discharges for emerging applications in photochemistry and surface treatment”, 21st International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry IPC21, 4-9 August (2013), Cairns, Australia.
154.R. J. Carman and R. Ganesan “On the origin of the vacuum-ultraviolet molecular band emission from high-pressure helium plasmas” Proc. XVIII Gaseous Electronics Meeting (GEM), 9-12 Feb, (2014) Victor Harbour, SA, Australia.
155.D.M. Kane, D. J. Little and R. J. Carman, (2015), “Characterising a Reflection Grating for a VUV Spectrometer Using Optical Surface Profiling”, Paper ch-p.7-thu, 2015 Conference on Lasers and the Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO®/Europe - EQEC 2015). IEEE Catalog Number: CFP15ECL-ART, ISBN: 978-1-4673-7475-0, ©2015 IEEE.
156.Carman R.J., "Computer modelling of longitudinally excited elemental copper vapour lasers", in Pulsed Metal-Vapour Lasers, (Proc. NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Pulsed Metal-Vapour Lasers - Physics and emerging applications in Industry, Medicine and Science, St Andrews University, Scotland, August 1995) ed. C.E. Little and N.V. Sabotinov, p203-214, Kluwer (1996).
157.D M Kane, D. Hirschausen, B.K. Ward, R.P. Mildren and R.J. Carman, “Surface Cleaning of Optical Materials Using Novel VUV Sources” in Laser Cleaning II, edited D.M. Kane, Chapter 13, pp243-256, World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 2006, ISBN-13 978-981-270-372-9
158.Maitland A., Menown H, Strudwick I.A., Weatherup C.R. and Carman R.J., “Apparatus for forming electron beams” UK patent GB 2153140A (1987) US 4698546 (1987), EP0146383 (1992).
159. Piper J.A.,Withford M.J., Brown D.J.W. and Carman R.J., "Metal Vapour Laser", Australian Patent: AU1712697A1,1997; European patent: EP880811A4, 1999; United States patent: US6175583, CA2245892, 2001.
160. Kane D.M., Mildren R.P. and Carman R.J., “Methods and systems for providing emission of incoherent radiation and uses therefor”, lodged /4/2000 at Australian Patent Office; 12/9/2000 (USA); PCT application PCT/AU01/00424, 12/4/2001 at APO, US patent awarded 1/4/2003, US 6541924. see also CA 2406194, EP1279321 (2003)